лW(xu)̲ijY(ji)
һһ|(zh)ȵҺ
100mL1.00mol/LNaOHҺ1E
1Ӌ㣨2Q4.0gһλС(sh)3ܽ⣨4D(zhun)ƣҺsҜغD(zhun)ƣ5ϴ죨6ݣsˮעƿҺx̶Ⱦ12cmrz^ιܵμsˮҺcc̶Ⱦͬһˮƽϣ7uwƿu8bƿN˺˺עˎƷQ
2ÃxɲExбPƽˎסͲ100mLƿz^ι3ע헣
(1)ƿֻһ̶ȾҘʹÜضȺҎ(gu)ֻƿҎ(gu)ݷeҺʹÜضȺҎ(gu)߀еζͲ
(2)Ҋƿ50mL100mL250mL500mL1000mL480mLc240mLҺ(yng)քe500mLƿ250mLƿÃxrƿעҎ(gu)бPƽ܌бP
(3)ƿʹ֮ǰ횲©ƿ(ni)ˮƿʳָסƿһֵָֻסƿƿ^粻©ˮƿD(zhun)1800
oٵ©ˮʹҺ©cζʹǰҲҪ©
Fe(OH)3zwƂ䣺
1EˮмFeCl3Һ^m(x)Һʼtɫֹͣӟ
ҪcIJУڼ͵FeCl3Һtɫֹͣӟ
2漰ĻW(xu)ʽFe3++3H2OFe(OH)3zw+3H+{(dio)֮һõ̖{(dio)֮ǘzwdz{(dio)֮Ǽӟ
ɫ(yng)
1Eϴպϴ
2ԓKzFz
3ɫ(yng)dž|(zh)Ҳǻ|(zh)4NaKɫSɫɫ^{ɫ⒲5ij|(zh)ɫ(yng)SɫһNaK
Fe(OH)2Ƃ䣺
1F(xin)ɫD(zhun)ҾGɫ׃ɼtɫ
2W(xu)ʽ飺Fe2++2OH-=Fe(OH)24Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3
3ע헣1ÁF}ҺƵNaOHҺ2ζ횲Һ2ҺһĤ籽ʳ͵ȣԷֹ
塢Ƃ䣺
1Eԇм35mLNa2SiO3Һ12η̪Һz^ιμϡ}߅߅ʎҺɫ׃\ӽʧrֹͣ2F(xin)Ĺzγ
3W(xu)ʽNaSiO3+2HCl=H2SiO3+2NaClᣩ4NaSiO2-3ҺSiO3ˮ@AĶʹ̪ԇҺʼtɫ
Ҫxӵęz
1Cl-ęzAgNO3Һټϡᣬɲ
ϡHNO3İɫȼữҺųCO2-
3ɔ_ٵμAgNO3ҺаɫtfCl
2SO2-4ęzȼ}аɫM^VڞVҺټBaCl2ҺɰɫCotҺֱӵBaCl2ҺMЙz
3}Ƕȣzsϴ켰P(gun)ȵӋ
ČƷ
1(yng)ԭ2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2CaCl2+2NH3+2H2O
2ռſ՚ⷨܿһF՚⌦3Mٌļtɫʯԇԇܿԇ׃{fռMڌպН}IJԇܿF(xin)ןtCռM4﷽AʯҸܟoˮȻ}
5bÈDwwӟƚwbcͬչⰱˮ@ҺεʯһAưⰱ
ˮֱӼӟҲư
ˡȪ
1ԭOˮDz^ιˮܽİ⣨1700ʹƿ(ni)ѸٜpС≺еˮğƿ
NH3HClHBrHISO2ȚwˮγɇȪ
2(sh)̶ֵ׃cȼһ_ĺ
2F(xin)a(chn)tɫȪˮγɉAҺ̪A@tɫ
2к͟Ĝyע헣
3P(gun)Iٰ⑪(yng)Mڟƿ(yng)bò©
ʮһк͟ግ˽⣩
1cAl(f)кͷ(yng)1molˮrጷŵğע⣺1AքeǏᡢA(yng)ķʽH++OH-=H2OH=-57.3KJ/mol
xֱ_r̖ؓ
4չCO2H2SCl2cˮγɇȪcNaOHҺγɇȪ
~cᷴ(yng)Č
1ԭCu+2H2SO4()CuSO4+SO2+2H2O
2F(xin)ӟ֮ԇеƷtҺɫԇеɫʯԇҺ׃t(yng)ҺʢˮğҺɺɫ׃{ɫ
3ԭጣ׃ڵ|(zh)鱻CuOCuOc_ϡᷴ(yng)CuSO4Һ
ʾڴ˷(yng)~zڼrpȾ
ʮXᷴ(yng)
1EFmX۾Ϻڼ©ڻ⛹wgһɰĥ^Vlcȼ
2F(xin)ҷ(yng)l(f)ҫ۵Ĺâa(chn)ğ©мtB(ti)Һl(f)(ni)ļɳҺs׃?yu)ɫw
3W(xu)(yng)ʽFe2O3+2Al2Fe+Al2O34ע헣
1ҪôĥVlĤtycȼ2©(ni)ļ©ҪһЩˮԷp©
3l(f)Ҫ|mļɳһǷֹl(f)ըǷֹڵҺwR
4bòҪֹ̫ʹ܂
1˜p`횴_Mܵٓpʧ
(f)ɴȥy(sh)(j)ƽֵӋ(j)
2˱CAȫкͳH+OH-^ķ
3ʹAN^x
ʹyõк͟ᔵ(sh)ֵƫС1ԭCV=CAVA
ʮAк͵ζ˽⣩һԪcһԪAк
ζ
2Ҫٜʴ_ywe.ڜʴ_ДζKc3ʽζ͉ܺAʽζܵĘ(gu)죺0̶ڵζܵ϶עҺwҕx(sh)(sh)ֵƫʹõζܕrĵһDz©۵ζx(sh)rӛ䛵С(sh)cλܵζrһ÷ָ̪ʾʯԇҺAʽζܻܲãԵ|(zh)һʽζʢb4E0.1molL-1
}ζδ֪ȵĚcҺ
ٲ©ϴ졢ϴ
bҺs{(dio)ҺעҺFƿУ۵ζ۾עҕFƿҺҺɫ׃?sh)εһҺɫl(f)@׃Ұ犃(ni)׃ɫζKc
ʮȉAI(y)
1ԭ늽͵ʳ}ˮ늘O(yng)飺2NaCl+2H2O===2NaOH+H2+Cl2
2(yng)ã늽xӷʽ2Cl-+2H2O==2OH-+H2+Cl2ꎘOa(chn)H2NaOHꎘO늽H+ˮxa(chn)ꎘOˮxƽⱻƉģꎘO^(q)ҺʉAꎘO^(q)Ύη̪ԇҺɰl(f)F(xin)ꎘO^(q)Һ׃tꖘOa(chn)ȚKIԇꖘOԇ׃{
2ʮġ僣
1僵ԭc늽ԭͬ僕rһú僌ӽxӵ늽|(zh)ҺҺѴ僽ƷҺcֱԴؓOBꎘO僌ӽꖘOcֱԴOBꖘOܽ⣬ɞxꎘO@ЩxꎘOϵӱ߀ԭɽw僼ı
2僳صĽMɣ僽ƷꎘO僌ӽꖘO僌ӽxӵҺҺꖘO(yng)Mne-=Mn+MҺꎘO(yng)Mn++ne-=M僼ϳe٣ʮϩČƷ
1(yng)ȡԭC2H5OHCH2=CH2+H2O2ҺҺӟcȚƷͬ3ãÓˮ
4ע헣Ҵ͝weȞ13Ҵע߅ע߅ۜضӋˮy嵽Һ
ʮ塢~ľ
1늽ⷨ~ԭꖘO~Cu-2e-=Cu2+Fe-2e-=Fe2+ꎘO(~)Cu2++2e-=Cu
2}Ľጣ~ڻ늘O늽rꖘOϰl(f)(yng)ܽ~кZnNiFeAgAuȶNs|(zh)s|(zh)~ꖘOܽrλڽٻ~ǰĽs|(zh)ZnNiFeҲͬrʧȥӣxӵ~xyԱ߀ԭԲꎘOϵֻ늽ҺλڽٻԱ~֮ys|(zh)ʧȥӵ~yꖘOʧȥ׃xܽԽن|(zh)ʽe늽۵ףγꖘOࣨꖘO្yFؽٵԭϣ
ʮuNuԭӵęzȡ(yng)ȥ(yng)1E
2ɫuԭӞȣ\SɫuԭӞ壻SɫuԭӞ
3uNǘOIγɵĹrֻuԭouxAgNO3ֻcXa(chn)ȫAgXʱʹuNеXD(zhun)׃?yu)X
ٸ(j)AgXɫc|(zh)_uNuԭӵķN͔(sh)Ŀ.
4yҺ֮ǰ횼ữк͵ҺеĉAҺ
5KMnO4ҺCȥ(yng)a(chn)ϩrҪעͨˮгȥҴͨKMnO4ҺУҲˮֱәztͨˮУ
ܷ(yng)ضҪѸߵ170
ԓЕa(chn)a(chn)SO2,ʙzϩrһÉAҺȥSO2ͨKMnO4ˮ5(yng)ܰl(f)ĸ(yng)
C2H5OHCH2=CH2+H2OC2H5-OH+HO-C2H5C2H5OC2H5+H2OC+2H2SO4()CO2+2SO2+2H2O
ʮƂע헣
1ȼҴټӝĻҺ
2͜ؼӟСľMԷҴĴ]l(f)Һwҷv
3(do)ĩ˲ҪNa2CO3ҺwҺw
4Na2CO3ҺҪ(yu)cᣬ
ζܽҴ۽ܽӣ^
5(yng)ĸ(yng)C2H5-OH+HO-C2H5C2H5-O-C2H5+H2OC+2H2SO4()CO2+2SO2+2H2O
3ʮȩęzȩAyR(yng)
1yRҺƷڝԇм1ml2%AgNO3Һ2Ȼ߅ʎԇ߅μ2%ϡˮa(chn)ijǡֹܽƵyҺ
(yng)ʽAgNO3+NH3H2O=AgOH+NH4NO3AgOH+2NH3H2O=Ag(NH3)2OH+2H2O
2yRע헣1Ҫǡܽ⣨2yҺSSɾã3ӟ^̲ʎԇܣ4ԇҪ
3^yR(yng)ԇϡHNO3ϴBcCu(OH)2ҝҺ(yng)
1Cu(OH)2ҝҺƷԇ10%NaOHҺ2ml2%CuSO4Һ46ΣõƵĚ~ҝҺ
2ע헣1Cu(OH)2Ƶģ2Ҫӟv3ډAԗl£NaOHҪ^
ʮcˮ⼰a(chn)C
1Eһ֧ԇмҺϡԇܷˮԡмӟ犣ȻϡNaOHҺʹA
2ע헣ϡ(yng)tÝˮ
Cˮa(chn)ǕrÉAҺкMyR(yng)cCu(OH)2ҝҺķ(yng)
4UչxлW(xu)̲ijY(ji)
лW(xu)̲ijY(ji)
W(xu)ڸ߿}ıԽԽĿǰ߿}cжһͻ錍ĻA(ch)֪Rͻͻ錍̽@һcڿԇV_Ҫnɞ鿼W(xu)̽}dwһһ|(zh)ȵҺ
100mL1.00mol/LNaOHҺ
1E1Ӌ㣨2Q4.0gһλС(sh)3ܽ⣨4D(zhun)ƣҺsҜغD(zhun)ƣ5ϴ죨6ݣsˮעƿҺx̶Ⱦ12cmrz^ιܵμsˮҺcc̶Ⱦͬһˮƽϣ7uwƿu8bƿN˺˺עˎƷQȡ
2ÃxɲExбPƽˎסͲ100mLƿz^ι3ע헣
(1)ƿֻһ̶ȾҘʹÜضȺҎ(gu)ֻƿҎ(gu)ݷeҺʹÜضȺҎ(gu)߀еζͲ
(2)Ҋƿ50mL100mL250mL500mL1000mL480mLc240mLҺ(yng)քe500mLƿ250mLƿÃxrƿעҎ(gu)бPƽ܌бP
(3)ƿʹ֮ǰ횲©ƿ(ni)ˮƿʳָסƿһֵָֻסƿƿ^粻©ˮƿD(zhun)180oٵ©ˮʹҺ©cζʹǰҲҪ©(4)`
(5)}ǶȣһӋĹwҺwǃxȱʧcxnj`
0Fe(OH)3zwƂ䣺
1EˮмFeCl3Һ^m(x)ҺʼtɫֹͣӟᡣҪcIJڼ͵FeCl3Һtɫֹͣӟ
2漰ĻW(xu)ʽFe+3H2O=Fe(OH)3zw+3H{(dio)֮һõ̖{(dio)֮ǘzwdz{(dio)֮Ǽӟ
3}ǶȣƲE(yng)xӷʽĕ
3++ɫ(yng)
1Eϴպϴ2ԓKzFz
3ɫ(yng)dž|(zh)Ҳǻ|(zh)4NaKɫSɫɫ^{ɫ⒲5ij|(zh)ɫ(yng)SɫһNaK6}ǶȣENaKɫ
ġFe(OH)2Ƃ䣺
1F(xin)ɫD(zhun)ҾGɫ׃ɼtɫ2W(xu)ʽ飺Fe+2OH=Fe(OH)24Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3
3ע헣1ÁF}ҺƵģNaOHҺ2ζ횲Һ£2ҺһĤ籽ʳ͵ȣԷֹ4}ǶȣƂ^еĬF(xin)ʽP(gun)ȡʩԭ
2+-rFrFęz
Ƃ䣺
1Eԇм35mLNa2SiO3Һ12η̪Һz^ιμϡ}߅߅ʎҺɫ׃\ӽʧrֹͣ2F(xin)Ĺzγ
3W(xu)ʽNaSiO3+2HCl=H2SiO3+2NaClᣩ4NaSiO3ҺSiO3ˮ@AĶʹ̪ԇҺʼtɫ
Ҫxӵęz
2-1ClęzAgNO3ҺټϡᣬɲϡHNO3İɫȼữҺųCO3ɔ_ٵμAgNO3ҺаɫtfCl
2SO4ęzȼ}аɫM^VڞVҺټBaCl2ҺɰɫCotҺֱӵBaCl2ҺMЙz3}Ƕȣzsϴ켰P(gun)ȵӋ
2-2-
-ȚČƷ
šČƷ
1(yng)ԭ2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2CaCl2+2NH3+2H2O
2ռſ՚ⷨܿһF՚⌦
3Mٌļtɫʯԇԇܿԇ׃{fռMڌպН}IJԇܿF(xin)ןtCռM4﷽AʯҸܟoˮȻ}
5bÈDwwӟƚwbcͬ
չⰱˮ@ҺεʯһAư⣬ⰱˮֱӼӟҲư
6}ǶȣЌW(xu)W(xu)ȡwΨһČλɹҪǶȞ飺(yng)ԭռPMȣԴ˻A(ch)M|(zh)̽
ʮȪ
1ԭOˮDz^ιˮܽİ⣨1700ʹƿ(ni)ѸٜpС≺еˮğƿNH3HClHBrHISO2ȚwˮγɇȪ
2F(xin)a(chn)tɫȪˮγɉAҺ̪A@tɫ3P(gun)Iٰ⑪(yng)Mڟƿ(yng)bò©
4չCO2H2SCl2cˮγɇȪcNaOHҺγɇȪ
һ~cᷴ(yng)Č
1ԭCu+2H2SO4()CuSO4+SO2+2H2O
2F(xin)ӟ֮ԇеƷtҺɫԇеɫʯԇҺ׃t(yng)ҺʢˮğУҺɺɫ׃{ɫ
3ԭጣ׃ڵ|(zh)鱻CuOCuOc_ϡᷴ(yng)CuSO4Һʾڴ˷(yng)~zڼrpȾ
4}ǶȣSO2|(zh)a(chn)̽GɫW(xu)β̎ʮXᷴ(yng)
1EFmX۾Ϻڼ©Уڻ⛹wgһɰĥ^Vlcȼ
2F(xin)ҷ(yng)l(f)ҫ۵Ĺâa(chn)ğ©мtB(ti)Һ飬l(f)(ni)ļɳҺs׃?yu)ɫw3W(xu)(yng)ʽFe2O3+2Al2Fe+Al2O34ע헣
1ҪôĥVlĤtycȼ
2©(ni)ļ©ҪһЩˮԷp©
3l(f)Ҫ|mļɳһǷֹl(f)ըǷֹڵҺwR4bòҪֹ̫ʹ܂5}ǶȣEW(xu)ʽ
ʮк͟ግ˽⣩
1cAl(f)кͷ(yng)1molˮrጷŵğ
ע⣺1AքeǏᡢA(yng)ķʽH+OH=H2OH=-57.3KJ/mol2(sh)̶ֵ׃cȼһ_ĺxֱ_r̖ؓ2к͟Ĝyע헣
1˜p`횴_Mܵٓpʧ؏(f)ɴȥy(sh)(j)ƽֵӋ(j)2˱CAȫкͳHOH^ķ
3ʹAN^xʹyõк͟ᔵ(sh)ֵƫС
+-+-ʮġAк͵ζ˽⣩һԪcһԪAк͵ζ
1ԭCV=CAVA
2Ҫٜʴ_ywe.ڜʴ_ДζKc
3ʽζ͉ܺAʽζܵĘ(gu)죺0̶ڵζܵ϶עҺwҕx(sh)(sh)ֵƫʹõζܕrĵһDz©۵ζx(sh)rӛ䛵С(sh)cλܵζrһ÷ָ̪ʾʯԇҺAʽζܻܲԵ|(zh)һʽζʢb4E0.1molL}ζδ֪ȵĚcҺ
-ٲ©ϴϴ
bҺs{(dio)Һ桢עҺFƿУ
۵ζ۾עҕFƿҺҺɫ׃?sh)εһҺɫl(f)@׃Ұ犃(ni)׃ɫζKc
5}ǶȣζܵĽY(ji)(gu)x(sh)к͵ζԭ
ʮȉAI(y)
1ԭ늽͵ʳ}ˮ늘O(yng)飺2NaCl+2H2O===2NaOH+H2+Cl2
2(yng)ã늽xӷʽ2Cl+2H2O==2OH+H2+Cl2ꎘOa(chn)H2NaOHꎘO늽Hˮxa(chn)ꎘOˮxƽⱻƉꎘO^(q)ҺʉAꎘO^(q)Ύη̪ԇҺɰl(f)F(xin)ꎘO^(q)Һ׃tꖘOa(chn)Ț⣬KIԇꖘOԇ׃{3}ǶȣɘOa(chn)Дa(chn)|(zh)P(gun)늽ԭ
ʮ僣
--+
1僵ԭc늽ԭͬ僕rһú僌ӽxӵ늽|(zh)ҺҺѴ僽ƷҺcֱԴؓOBꎘO僌ӽꖘOcֱԴOBꖘOܽɞxꎘO@ЩxꎘOϵӱ߀ԭɽw僼ı2僳صĽMɣ僽ƷꎘO僌ӽꖘO僌ӽxӵҺҺꖘO(yng)Mne=MMҺꎘO(yng)M+ne=M僼ϳe٣
ʮ~ľ
-n+
n+-1늽ⷨ~ԭꖘO~Cu-2e=CuFe-2e=FeꎘO(~)Cu+2e=Cu2}Ľጣ~ڻ늘O늽rꖘOϰl(f)(yng)ܽ~кZnNiFeAgAuȶNs|(zh)s|(zh)~ꖘOܽrλڽٻ~ǰĽs|(zh)ZnNiFeҲͬrʧȥxӵ~xyԱ߀ԭԲꎘOϵֻ늽ҺλڽٻԱ~֮ys|(zh)ʧȥӵ~yꖘOʧȥ׃xܽ⣬Խن|(zh)ʽe늽۵γꖘOࣨꖘO្yFؽٵԭϣ
3}ǶȣԭҺxӝȵ׃
-2+-2+2+-ʮˡuNuԭӵęzȡ(yng)ȥ(yng)
1E
2ɫuԭӞȣ\SɫuԭӞSɫuԭӞ
3uNǘOIγɵĹrֻuԭouxAgNO3ֻcXa(chn)ȫAgXʱʹuNеXD(zhun)׃?yu)Xٸ(j)AgXɫc|(zh)_uNuԭӵķN͔(sh)Ŀ.4yҺ֮ǰ횼ữк͵ҺеĉAҺɡ
5KMnO4ҺCȥ(yng)a(chn)ϩrҪעͨˮгȥҴͨKMnO4ҺҲˮֱәztͨˮУ
ʮϩČƷ
1(yng)ȡԭC2H5OHCH2=CH2+H2O2ҺҺӟcȚƷͬ3ãÓˮ
4ע헣Ҵ͝weȞ13Ҵע߅ע룬߅ۜضӋˮy嵽Һ¢ܷ(yng)ضҪѸߵ170
ԓЕa(chn)a(chn)SO2,ʙzϩrһÉAҺȥSO2ͨKMnO4ˮ5(yng)ܰl(f)ĸ(yng)
C2H5OHCH2=CH2+H2OC2H5-OH+HO-C2H5C2H5OC2H5+H2OC+2H2SO4()CO2+2SO2+2H2OʮƂ
ע헣
1ȼҴټӝĻҺ
2͜ؼӟСľMУԷҴĴ]l(f)Һwҷv3(do)ĩ˲ҪNa2CO3ҺwУҺw
4Na2CO3ҺҪ(yu)cζܽҴ۽ܽӣ^
5(yng)ĸ(yng)C2H5-OH+HO-C2H5C2H5-O-C2H5+H2OC+2H2SO4()CO2+2SO2+2H2O
6}ǶȣˎƷ(do)ܵλNa2CO3Һü\ûW(xu)ƽD(zhun)ʵĴʩʮһȩęzȩ
AyR(yng)
1yRҺƷڝԇм1ml2%AgNO3Һ2Ȼ߅ʎԇ߅μ2%ϡˮa(chn)ijǡֹܽƵyҺ
(yng)ʽAgNO3+NH3H2O=AgOH+NH4NO3AgOH+2NH3H2O=Ag(NH3)2OH+2H2O
2yRע헣1Ҫǡܽ⣨2yҺSSãɾã3ӟ^̲ʎԇܣ4ԇҪ
3^yR(yng)ԇϡHNO3ϴBcCu(OH)2ҝҺ(yng)
1Cu(OH)2ҝҺƷԇ10%NaOHҺ2ml2%CuSO4Һ46õƵĚ~ҝҺ
2ע헣1Cu(OH)2Ƶģ2Ҫӟv3ډAԗl£NaOHҪ^
ʮcˮ⼰a(chn)C
1Eһ֧ԇмҺϡᣬԇܷˮԡмӟȻϡNaOHҺʹA
2ע헣ϡ(yng)tÝˮ
Cˮa(chn)ǕrÉAҺкMyR(yng)cCu(OH)2ҝҺķ(yng)
ʾP(gun)ڡлW(xu)̲ijY(ji)oķHչ˼SʹлW(xu)̲ijY(ji)ԓƪ½h(chung)
ԴW(wng)j(lu) ؟ăHތW(xu)(x)a(chn)(qun)}Ո(lin)ϵ҂rh