16種時(shí)態(tài)匯總表
1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)定義經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday(week,month),onceaweek,onMondays,etc.結(jié)構(gòu)1.be動(dòng)詞2.行為動(dòng)詞主語+be+其他一般疑問句1.把動(dòng)詞be放于句首。2.用助動(dòng)詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。否定句形式1.am/is/are+not2.此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加don’t;若主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesn’t,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)3、一般過去時(shí)4、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為。now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.主語+am/is/are+doing把be動(dòng)詞放在句首。主語+am/is/are+not+doing1.主語+was/were+not2.在行為動(dòng)詞前加do在其前加didn’t,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。主語+was/were+not+doingago,yesterday,lastweek(month,1.was/wereyear),in201*,justnow,oneday,longlongago,etc.atthistimeyesterday或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。2.行為動(dòng)詞過去式主語+was/were+doing1.把was或were放于句首。2.用助動(dòng)詞did提問,同時(shí)還原為動(dòng)詞原形。把was或were放在句首。5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的一向或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。already,yet,just,ever,never,have/has+donebefore,recently,inthepastfewyears,等,及由for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。把have或has放在句首。have/has+not+done6、一般將來時(shí)tomorrow,tomorrow1.begoingtomorning/afternoon,thedayafter+do2.will/tomorrow,nextSunday/week/year/month,soon,inafewdaysminutes,etcshall+do1.be放在句首。2.will/shall提到句首。1.begoingto+not+do2.will/shall+not+do7、過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或情況。表示“過去的過去”by,before等構(gòu)成的過去時(shí)間短語連用或用于when,before,until等引導(dǎo)的從句中。由said,asked,told,thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,had+donehad放于句首。had+not+done8、過去將來時(shí)表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)候看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。立足于過去某一時(shí)刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中就過去某一時(shí)間而言,將來某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,主要用于賓Thenextday(morning,year),the1.would+dofollowingmonth(week),etc.2.was/weregoingto+do1.would提到句首。2.was或were放于句首。1.would+not+do2.was/were+not+goingto+do9、一般過去將來時(shí)10、過去將來進(jìn)行Thenextday(morning,Year)Thefollowingmonth(week)etc1,Was/were+goingto+do2,would/should+do+其他Shoud/would+be+現(xiàn)在分詞Was/were放于句首,would/should提到句首1,Was/were+not+goingto+do2,would/should+not+do例句:TheysaidtheywouldbecomingHesaidhecouldnotcomebecausehewouldbehavingameeting時(shí)11、將來完成時(shí)12、過去將來完成時(shí)13、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)14、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)語從句中,多用于間接引語在將來某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)過去某一時(shí)間對將來某一時(shí)刻以前所會發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常用在虛擬語氣中,表示與過去的事實(shí)相反從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,這一動(dòng)作可能剛剛開始,也可能仍然在繼續(xù),并可能延續(xù)到將來某正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),持續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻,還未完成,一直持續(xù)到之后的當(dāng)前才結(jié)束Bythetimeof,bytheendof+時(shí)間短主語+begoing語(將來)bythetime+從句(將來)to/will/shall+shall+have+p,p(過去分詞)+其他Should/wouldhavedonesth例句:Bythetimeyougetback,greatchangeswillhavetakenplaceinthisarea例句:Ithoughtyou"dhaveleftbythistimeHetoldthemhewouldhavefinisheditby8o"clock例句:IhavebeensittinghereforanhourThechildrenhavebeenwatchingTVsincesixo"clock.例句:ShehadbeensufferingfromabadcoldwhenshetooktheexamHadtheybeenexpectingthenewsforsometime?6,情緒:Whathadhebeendoing?他做了什么(不耐煩)Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段Hanv/has+been+doing+其他特殊含義:1,尚未完成:Hehadbeenwritingthenovel他已經(jīng)在寫小說了(他沒寫完)2,企圖:Hehadbeenstudyingthemeaningofthisproverb他曾今學(xué)習(xí)過這個(gè)諺語(他曾經(jīng)努力學(xué)習(xí)過他)3,未得結(jié)果:Wehadbeenstudyingwhatourenemyhadsaid我們一直致力于敵人所說的(但是我們沒有理解)had+been+doing+其他4,最近情況:Hehadbeenquarrellingwithhiswife.他和他的妻子吵了一場架。(最近)5,反復(fù)動(dòng)作:Hehadbeenaskingmethesamequestion.他一直問我相同的問題(屢次)15、將來完成時(shí)16、過去將來完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)間。是否繼續(xù)下去,要視上下文而定。表示從過去某時(shí)看至未來某時(shí)以前會一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Shall/willhavebeendoing例句:Ishallhavebeenworkinghereinthisfactoryfortwentyyearsbytheendoftheyear例句:Hetoldmethatbytheendoftheyearhewouldhavebeenlivingthereforthirtyyears.Should/would+have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞
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