初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(1)
1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官動(dòng)詞)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump
2(比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí))表示“越來(lái)越……”3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟(容易)4agreewithsb贊成某人
5allkindsof各種各樣akindof一樣
6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整個(gè)世界
7alongwith同……一道,eg:thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers學(xué)生同老師們一起種樹(shù)
8Assoonas一……就……9asyoucansee你是知道的
10askfor……求助向…要…(直接接想要的東西)eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么
12asksbtodosth詢(xún)問(wèn)某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在……歲時(shí)eg:Iamsixteen=Iamattheageofsixteen14atthebeginningof…………的起初;……的開(kāi)始
15attheendof+地點(diǎn)/+時(shí)間最后;盡頭;末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(2)
17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+從句感覺(jué)/對(duì)什么有信心,自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglish.IfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表:1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2將來(lái)時(shí)
19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原)能夠……eg:Sheisabletosing=Shecansing20beabletodosth能夠干什么eg:sheisabletosing
21beafraidtodo(ofsth恐懼,害怕……eg:I"mafraidtogooutatnight.I"mafraidofdog22beallowedtodo被允許做什么eg:I"mallowedtowatchTV我被允許看電視IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV我應(yīng)該被允許看電視
23beangrywithsb生某人的氣eg:Don"tbeangrywithme24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth為了……而生某人的氣
25beas…原級(jí)…as和什么一樣eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一樣高26beashamedto不好意思…27beawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離28beawayfrom從……離開(kāi)
29bebadfor對(duì)什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太陽(yáng)下看書(shū)對(duì)你的眼睛不好
30beborn出生于初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(3)
B.情感型使動(dòng)詞:
情感型使動(dòng)詞表示客觀事物使人產(chǎn)生情感上的變化,可以分為下列概念:(1)驚訝(surprise);(2)高興(delight);(3)惱怒(irritation);(4)煩擾(trouble);(5)興趣(interest);(6)激動(dòng)(excitement);(7)迷惑(bewilderment);(8)堅(jiān)信(conviction);(9)恐嚇(fright);(10)厭倦(tiredness)和(11)憤怒(anger)。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),要注意前置詞的用法。分述如下:
(1)驚訝:
表示“驚訝”概念的情感型使動(dòng)詞,主要有surprise,astonish,astound,amaze,startle,stun,dumbfound,shock等,例如:
78)a.Thetastesurprisedhim,itwasnotashe"dimagined.b.Thetastemadehimsurprised,itwasnotashe"dimagined.c.Hewassurprisedbythetaste,itwasnotashe"dimagined.(這味道使他大出意外,那完全不是他原先想的那樣。)79)a.Thenewsastonishedeverybody.b.Thenewsmadeeverybodyastonished.c.Everybodywasastonishedatthenews.(這個(gè)消息使大家感到驚奇。)
80)a.SherlockHolmesastoundedDrWatsonwithhisaccurateanalysis.b.SherlockHolmesmadeDrWatsonastoundedwithhisaccurateanalysis.c.DrWatsonwasastoundedbySherlockHolmeswithhisaccurateanalysis.(夏洛克福爾摩斯精確的分析使華生醫(yī)生感到驚奇。)81)a.Theirperformanceamazedme.b.Iwasamazedat/bytheirperformance.(他們的演出使我驚奇。)
82)a.Theexplosionstartledmeoutofmysleep.b.Iwasstartledoutofmysleepbytheexplosion.(爆炸聲使我從睡夢(mèng)中驚醒。)
83)a.Theunfairnessoftheirjudgmentstunnedme.b.Iwasstunnedbytheunfairnessoftheirjudgment.(他們判決的不公正使我為之震驚。)
84)a.Thestrangenewscompletelydumb-foundedme.b.Iwascompletelydumbfoundedat/bythestrangenews.(這個(gè)奇怪的消息完全把我驚呆了。)
85)a.Thenewsofherdeathgreatlyshockedme.b.Iwasgreatlyshockedatthenewsofherdeath.(她的死訊使我大為震驚。)初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(6)
46beinterestedin對(duì)某方面感興趣
47belatefor=comelateto遲到eg:Belateforclass上課遲到48belike像……eg:I"mlikemymother49bemadat生某人的氣
50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不見(jiàn)原材料)51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后還看得見(jiàn)原材料)52benotsure表不確定53beonavisitto參觀
54bepopularwithsb受某人歡迎55bequiet安靜
56beshortfor是…的縮寫(xiě)eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰57besickinbed生病在床
58besorrytodosth/besorryforsb.eg:Iamsorryforyou很遺憾做…/對(duì)某人感到抱歉59besorrytohearthat很遺憾聽(tīng)到…
60besorrytotroublesbeg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou很抱歉打擾某人
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(7)
61bestrictindoingsth嚴(yán)于做某事eg:He"sstrictinobeyingrules
62bestrictwithsb對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格eg:Somestudentsaren’tstrictwiththemselves這些學(xué)生對(duì)自己不嚴(yán)格
63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格64besupposedtodo被要求干……65besure表確定
66besureofdoingsth對(duì)做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth對(duì)做某事有信心eg:I"msureofmyhead(myteacher)我相信我的大腦(老師)68besurethatsth對(duì)做某事有信心eg:I"msurethathecanpassthetest我相信他能通過(guò)考試69besuretodosth一定會(huì)做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我們一定會(huì)通過(guò)這次考試WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我們一定能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)
70beterrifiedof+名/動(dòng)doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事72bethesameas…和……一樣
73beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸習(xí)慣早Heisusedtosleepinginclass他習(xí)慣上課睡覺(jué)
74beworthdoing值得做……
75be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat從句
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(8)
76because+句子becauseof+短語(yǔ)eg:Hewaslatebecausehehadaheadache.=Hewaslatebecauseofhisheadache
77begintodo=starttodo開(kāi)始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以……開(kāi)始……eg:Let"sbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome
78between…and…兩者之間
79borrowsthfromsb向……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借給某人某東西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen
80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同
81bother打擾bothersbtodostheg:I"msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分道歉打擾你,但是你能告訴我怎么去車(chē)站theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks這個(gè)問(wèn)題困擾了我?guī)讉(gè)周了He"sbotheringmetolendhimmoney
82bytheendof到……為止
83callsbstheg:WecallhimoldWang
84care關(guān)心eg:Don"tyoucareaboutthiscountry"sfuture?你為什么不關(guān)心國(guó)家的未來(lái)85catchupwithsb趕上某人
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(10)
101enjoydoingsth。喜歡做某事
102escapefrom從……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來(lái)103expecttodosth期待做某事104falldown摔下來(lái)falloff從……摔下來(lái)105fallinlovewithsb/sth愛(ài)上……
106farfrom離某地遠(yuǎn)eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj+todo發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣
108findsb/sth+adj發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109finish完成+doing(名詞)110fittosb=befitforsb適合某人
111forgettodo沒(méi)有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:Don"tforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoor
112from…to…從某某到某某eg:Frommeforher
113get/havesthdown做完,被(別人)做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了)Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了(被牙醫(yī)拔掉了)114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob
115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb與某人相處得好
擴(kuò)展閱讀:初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一覽表
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一覽表
語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成用法表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)象征詞規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化例句Hegoestoschooleveryday.Ioftenhavelunchathome.Hewrotealetteryesterday.Istudiedhardlastyear.Areyougoingtoread?Heiscomingtomorrow.Tomiswritingnow.Theyarelyingonthebed.動(dòng)詞用原形一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)-s/es動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)Bewas/werebegoingto+V原一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shall+V原Everyoftenalwayson天in一般-ses輔have----has月、季、節(jié)、年。音+y---ies/In1998一般/去e雙寫(xiě)go-wentcome-came/輔+y結(jié)尾-do-didleave-left等iedGocomeleavestayfly等用進(jìn)行表將來(lái)ago/justnow表過(guò)去某個(gè)、段時(shí)間內(nèi)last/yesterday等動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間或某段時(shí)要做的事tomorrow/afternext/tonightin201*現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be+doinglistenlooknow表此時(shí)此刻正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)allthetimeDon’t…作或狀態(tài)一般去e雙寫(xiě)tiedielie+ing變ie為y加ing含糊的頻率現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+PP發(fā)生在過(guò)去影響在現(xiàn)在詞alreadyjustneverever現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行have/hasbeen+doing的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)等was/were+doing.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)多用于復(fù)合句中had+動(dòng)過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)多用于復(fù)合句中atthistimeyesterday表在過(guò)去某時(shí)間正在進(jìn)lastSundayevening行的動(dòng)作bythetime+過(guò)去時(shí)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)whenafterbefore去副分詞規(guī)則的同不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分Ihavebeenteachingfor8過(guò)去式是一樣詞需逐個(gè)記憶years.的Hehassleptfortwodays.一般去e雙寫(xiě)tiedielie+ing變ie為y加ing規(guī)則的分詞構(gòu)需要逐個(gè)記憶成與過(guò)去時(shí)一詳見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表樣的HewasreadingatthattimelastFridayWehadlearnt201*wordsbytheendoflastyear.語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目構(gòu)成用法象征詞規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化例句Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethenextday.Sheisthetallinthetwo.HerunsfasterthanTom.Sheisthemostbeautifulinherclass.(最高級(jí)加the)would+V原形過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)多用賓語(yǔ)從句中比較級(jí)形式后--er前加more形容副詞名詞名詞比較用more最高級(jí)形式后-est前加most形容副詞名詞名詞比較用most過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)Hesaidthathe…thenextday.作或狀態(tài)表示兩個(gè)人、物之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí)than/much/alittlefar/inthetwo等一般/去e雙寫(xiě)good/wellbetter/輔+y結(jié)尾-much/manymoreier一般/去e雙寫(xiě)bad/ill/badly-worst/輔+y結(jié)尾-far-farther-farthestiest大于等于三個(gè)人、物之inthe+比較范圍間進(jìn)行比較ofthe具體的數(shù)字動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)todo沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)ToreadishelpfulforHewantstobuyaIhearhimsingyesterday和數(shù)的變化anybodynow.dictionary.Tomtoldmetoopenit.作表語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)HisjobistoHe’llgotoseeadoctorHehasmuchhomeworktakecareoftomorrow.todoeveryday.children.狀語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句主從復(fù)合句句子作狀語(yǔ)(時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因條件讓步比較)句子作賓語(yǔ)(語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)、引導(dǎo)詞、客觀事實(shí))句子作定語(yǔ)(修飾名詞或代詞的句子、注意先行詞)HewaswritingaletterwhenIcamein。HeaskedmeifIhadbeentoBeijingbefore.Isawthemanwhowasstealingmybikeyesterday主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)(人、物)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)WespeakEnglish.動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者+及物動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)作承受者主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)(人、物)+bePP+by賓語(yǔ)Englishisspokenbyus動(dòng)作承受者+bePP+by動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中沒(méi)有可以省to的不定式賓改主謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞bePP主by賓主動(dòng)變被動(dòng),先找主、謂、賓,賓改主、主by賓,代詞變格要細(xì)心,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞bepp,時(shí)態(tài)隨主、數(shù)隨被PP是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞加ed或不規(guī)則詳見(jiàn)表被動(dòng)句的時(shí)態(tài)(be)隨主動(dòng)句的時(shí)態(tài)(do)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)應(yīng)隨被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)(am、is、are、was、were等)
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